*********************Micro services Interview Question***************************
1. Question
1. What Are Microservices?
Answer
:
Microservices is a variant of the
service-oriented architecture (SOA) architectural style that structures an
application as a collection of loosely coupled services. In a microservices
architecture, services should be fine-grained and the protocols should be
lightweight. The benefit of decomposing an application into different smaller
services is that it improves modularity and makes the application easier to
understand, develop and test. It also parallelism development by enabling small
autonomous teams to develop, deploy and scale their respective services
independently. It also allows the architecture of an individual service to
emerge through continuous refactoring. Microservices-based architectures enable
continuous delivery and deployment.
2. Question
2. What Is Spring Cloud?
Answer
:
Spring
Cloud Stream App Starters are Spring Boot based Spring Integration applications
that provide integration with external systems. Spring Cloud Task. A
short-lived microservices framework to quickly build applications that perform
finite amounts of data processing.
3. Question
3. What Are The Advantages Of Using Spring Cloud?
Answer
:
When
developing distributed microservices with Spring Boot we face the following
issues-
o
Complexity
associated with distributed systems-
This overhead includes network issues, Latency overhead, Bandwidth issues, security issues.
This overhead includes network issues, Latency overhead, Bandwidth issues, security issues.
o
Service
Discovery-
Service discovery tools manage how processes and services in a cluster can find and talk to one another. It involves a directory of services, registering services in that directory, and then being able to lookup and connect to services in that directory.
Service discovery tools manage how processes and services in a cluster can find and talk to one another. It involves a directory of services, registering services in that directory, and then being able to lookup and connect to services in that directory.
o
Redundancy-
Redundancy issues in distributed systems.
Redundancy issues in distributed systems.
o
Loadbalancing-
Load balancing improves the distribution of workloads across multiple computing resources, such as computers, a computer cluster, network links, central processing units, or disk drives.
Load balancing improves the distribution of workloads across multiple computing resources, such as computers, a computer cluster, network links, central processing units, or disk drives.
o
Performance
issues-
Performance issues due to various operational overheads.
Performance issues due to various operational overheads.
o
Deployment
complexities-
Requirement of Devops skills.
Requirement of Devops skills.
4. Question
4. What Is A Microservices Architecture?
Answer
:
Microservices
architecture allows to avoid monolith application for large system. It provide
loose coupling between collaborating processes which running independently in
different environments with tight cohesion.
5. Question
5. What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Microservices?
Answer
:
Microservices Advantages
o Smaller code base is easy to maintain.
o Easy to scale as individual component.
o Technology diversity i.e. we can mix libraries,
databases, frameworks etc.
o Fault isolation i.e. a process failure should
not bring whole system down.
o Better support for smaller and parallel team.
o Independent deployment
o Deployment time reduce
Microservices Disadvantages
o Difficult to achieve strong consistency across
services
o ACID transactions do not span multiple
processes.
o Distributed System so hard to debug and trace
the issues
o Greater need for end to end testing
o Required cultural changes in across teams like
Dev and Ops working together even in same team.
6. Question 6. What Netflix Projects Did We Use?
Answer :
Eureka created by
Netflix, it is the Netflix Service Discovery Server and Client. Netflix Ribbon,
it provide several algorithm for Client-Side Load Balancing. Spring provide
smart RestTemplate for service discovery and load balancing by using
@LoadBalanced annotation with RestTemplate instance.
7. Question 7. How Will You Monitor Multiple Microservices For
Various Indicators Like Health?
Answer :
Spring Boot provides actuator endpoints to monitor metrics of
individual microservices. These endpoints are very helpful for getting
information about applications like if they are up, if their components like
database etc are working good. But a major drawback or difficulty about using
actuator enpoints is that we have to individually hit the enpoints for
applications to know their status or health. Imagine microservices involving 50
applications, the admin will have to hit the actuator endpoints of all 50
applications. To help us deal with this situation, we will be using open source
project located at Built on top of Spring Boot Actuator, it provides a web UI
to enable us visualize the metrics of multiple applications.
8. Question 8. What Does One Mean By Service Registration And
Discovery ? How Is It Implemented In Spring Cloud?
Answer :
When we start a project, we usually have all the
configurations in the properties file. As more and more services are developed
and deployed, adding and modifying these properties become more complex. Some
services might go down, while some the location might change. This manual
changing of properties may create issues. Eureka Service Registration and
Discovery helps in such scenarios. As all services are registered to the Eureka
server and lookup done by calling the Eureka Server, any change in service
locations need not be handled and is taken care of.
9. Question 9. How Do You Setup Service Discovery?
Answer :
Spring Cloud support
several ways to implement service discovery but for this I am going to use
Eureka created by Netflix. Spring Cloud provide several annotation to make it
use easy and hiding lots of complexity.
10. Question 10. How Do You Access A Restful Microservice?
Answer :
o Load Balanced
RestTemplate.
o If there are multiple
RestTemplate you get the right one.
o It can used to access
multiple microservices.
11. Question 11. How To Achieve Server Side Load Balancing Using
Spring Cloud?
Answer :
Server side load
balancing can be achieved using Netflix Zuul. Zuul is a JVM based router and server side load balancing by
Netflix. It provides a single entry to our system, which allows a browser,
mobile app, or other user interface to consume services from multiple hosts
without managing cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) and authentication for
each one. We can integrate Zuul with other Netflix projects like Hystrix for
fault tolerance and Eureka for service discovery, or use it to manage routing
rules, filters, and load balancing across your system.
12. Question 12. What Is Eureka?
Answer :
Eureka is the Netflix
Service Discovery Server and Client. Eureka Server is using Spring Cloud.
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ReplyDeleteMicroservices Online Training
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